Jul 24, 2025

How to Sue Someone Who Owes You Money (Without Losing Your Mind)

Filing and responding prep folders for a small claims court case.
Filing and responding prep folders for a small claims court case.

If someone owes you money and won’t pay up, you might be wondering: how can you sue someone who owes you money without spending a fortune or getting buried in legal jargon? The good news? Small claims court was made for situations like this.

In this guide, we’ll break down:

  • When suing makes sense (and when it doesn’t)

  • Whether small claims court is right for your case

  • How much can you sue for

  • What to prepare before taking action

Let’s simplify the process so you can make confident, informed moves.


What Is Small Claims Court?

Small claims court is a low-cost, no-lawyer-needed option for resolving disputes involving money. Think unpaid loans, security deposits, or services that were never delivered. If you’re thinking how to sue someone that owes me money, this is probably where you’ll start.

Key features:

  • No attorneys required

  • Lower filing fees

  • Faster resolution times

Each state sets its own rules, but most allow claims under $5,000 to $10,000.


Who Should Use Small Claims Court for Unpaid Debts?

This option is ideal if:

  • Someone owes you money and has refused to pay

  • You have a clear paper trail (contracts, invoices, texts, receipts)

  • You’re willing to represent yourself

For example, A freelance designer who wasn’t paid for a completed project might consider small claims court for an unpaid invoice. Or if a friend borrowed $2,000 and disappeared, you could use this process to recover the money.


Is Small Claims Court Worth It?

Here’s how to decide:

It’s worth it if:

  • The person who owes you money is local and reachable

  • The amount is within your state’s small claims limit

  • You want a judgment that might help you collect through wage garnishment or liens

It might not be worth it if:

  • The person is hard to locate or has no assets

  • The debt is too old (check your state’s statute of limitations)

  • You’re suing purely out of principle, not for real recovery

If you're still unsure whether filing is worth it, this breakdown of whether small claims court pays off might help you decide.


What You Can Sue For (And How Much)

You can typically sue for:

  • Unpaid loans

  • Breach of contract

  • Unpaid invoices

  • Property damage

Each state has its own maximum claim amount. For example, California allows claims up to $10,000 for individuals. Check your local court’s limit before you file.


How to Sue Someone That Owes You Money (Step-by-Step)

  1. Gather evidence

    • Emails, contracts, messages, receipts

  1. Check your state’s small claims rules

  1. Limits, filing fees, time limits

  1. Use the AI Civil Court Advisor to assess your situation

  1. It gives plain-English guidance tailored to your scenario

  1. Send a demand letter

  1. Politely but firmly request payment one last time

  1. File your claim with the court

  1. Fill out forms and pay the fee (often under $100)

  1. Serve the defendant

  1. Make sure they receive official notice

  1. Prepare for court

  1. Organize your documents and practice your explanation

Follow this step-by-step checklist for suing someone in 2025 so you don’t miss a detail.

Still Wondering if You Have a Case?

Don’t let confusion stop you from getting what you’re owed. The AI Civil & Small Claims Court Advisor is free, fast, and designed to help everyday people determine their next legal step.

If you’re asking, "How can you sue someone who owes you money?”,  start by getting clear answers tailored to your exact situation.


Bottom line: Small claims court can be a powerful tool if used correctly. Know your rights, get organized, and take smart steps toward resolution.

Try the free AI Civil & Small Claims Court Advisor here.